COLOR: Theory, Systems, and Psychology
Science and Theory
 | Color is a property of light, not objects. |
 | White light contains all wave lengths. Black objects
absorb all wave lengths. |
 | Objects absorb the wave lengths of light that we do not
see. They reflect the wave lengths that we do see. |
 | When you see blue, the red and yellow light is absorbed.
When you see red, the blue and yellow light is absorbed. |
The colors of the rainbow result from two facts
 | Sunlight is made up of all colors that the human eye can
see. |
 | Light of different colors is refracted by different
amounts when it passes from one medium into another . |
Light in our Environment
 | Incandescent lighting has a red-orange color. |
 | It is thought to produce light that is more flattering to
human skin tones. |
 | It is less energy efficient. |
Light in our Environment
 | Fluorescent light has a green-blue cast. |
 | It is more efficient, but considered less flattering. |
Light in our Environment
Day light is balanced. Color matching
should be done using day light or other balanced color light.
Color Systems
 | Help us to match and identify color. |
 | The simplest system is sometimes referred to as the
elementary color system. |
 | It has three primary and three secondary colors on a
basic 12 hue color wheel. |
Elementary System: Color Wheel
The Munsell Color System
 | Has 5 primary colors and 5 secondary colors. |
 | Colors are defined in three dimensions. |
Munsell System: HUE
Munsell System: Value
 | The lightness or darkness of a color. |
Munsell System: Intensity
 | The brightness or dullness of a color. |
 | It is changed by adding the complimentary color. |
Munsell Color Solid
Other Color Systems
 | Ostwald |
 | two dimensional: hue and value |
Color Harmonies
 | Complimentary |
 | Varying values and intensities of two colors opposite on
the color wheel. |
 | Triadic |
 | Monochromatic |
 | Varying values and intensities of one color. |
 | Analogous |
 | Three hues adjacent on the color wheel. |
From the 1492 Exhibit, Library of Congress
Marc Chagall
Erte
Artistic Use of Color
 | Realistic - Winslow Homer |
 | Optical - Claude Monet |
 | Arbitrary - Matisse & Munch |
Color: Psychological Aspects
RED
 | Considered a warm color, an advancing color. |
 | Passage of time is overestimated in a red surround. |
 | It is an active color. |
 | Used in fast food restaurants |
 | Red cars are considered faster. We have a greater urge to
pass them. |
Blue
 | Considered a restful color. |
 | It is a receding color. |
 | Time is underestimated in a blue surround. |
Colors on Packaging
 | Blue was considered weak. |
 | Yellow too harsh. |
Yellow
 | The color of Madmen-Kandinsky |
 | A visually fatiguing color |
Green
Considered a
restful color
Cool and
receding
Orange
Warm and
advancing
Thought to
increase appetite
Considered
flattering to human skin tones
Purple
Wavelengths
from both ends of the visible spectrum.
Should not be
used in critical task areas
After Images
Black & White & Neutrals
Juan Gris
Juan Miro & Munch |