The 1960s: Instructional Development Clearly Defined
IMPORTANT IDEAS:
- Strong financial support
for education from Federal government
- 20 federally funded R&D
labs established (Elementary and Secondary Education Act [ESEA])
- Encouraged educators to
accept idea that instruction could be developed by teams of professionals
- Broadening of the AV field
to focus on instructional development
REALIZED
INNOVATIONS:
- Formation of identifiable
field of instructional development
- Articulation of components
of instructional development
- Recognition of system
properties of instructional development
- Refinement of evaluation
procedures
INFLUENTIAL PEOPLE:
Robert Gagne
- Published The Conditions
of Learning, which elaborated the analysis of learning objectives, relating
different class of learning objectives to different instructional designs
Robert Glaser
- Coined and explained the
term Instruction System
- Clearly described the
difference between psychological research on education and instructional technology
- Coined the term "criterion-referenced
measures" to refer to specific competencies tests as opposed to norm-referenced
tests
Fames Finn, Arthur Lumsdaine at Dept. of AV Instruction (DAVI)
- Moved the AV field beyond
products toward design of instructional messages
t i m e l
i n e
Pre-20s | 20s | 30s
| 40s | 50s | 60s | 70s
| 80s | 90s and beyond