Pre-1920s: Exercising the Mind
PREVAILING CONCEPTS:
The mind was a muscle that needed to be exercised
Study of certain disciplines improved mental performance like regular
workouts improved muscle functioning
No regular examination of outcomes
INFLUENTIAL PEOPLE:
E.L. Thorndike
Instruction should pursue socially useful goals
Advocated educational measurements, a research tool establishing education
as a science
t i m e l i n e
Pre-20s |
20s
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30s
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40s
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50s
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60s
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70s
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80s
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90s and beyond
