Education:

B.S.      State University of New York, College at Fredonia,  Biology Major,1964

M.S.     North Carolina State University, Zoology Major, 1966

Ph.D.    North Carolina State University, Zoology Major, 1969

             (Dissertation advisor: J.E. Hobbie)

Postdoctoral Fellow: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution with R.R.L. Guillard  

             (1970-71)

Professional Experience :

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1970‑1975  Associate Scientist

Marine Sciences Research Center, SUNY at  Stony Brook, 1975‑1985. Associate Professor, 1985-2000, Professor

Associate Program Manager, Office of Polar Biology and Medicine, National Science Foundation,  1995-1997.

SUNY at Stony Brook, Emeritus Professor 2000-present

Romberg Tiburon Center, San Francisco State University, 2000-present,  Professor

Honors, Committees and Awards:

Elected Member At Large, American Society of Limnologists and Oceanographers, 1978‑1981.

Representative from MSRC to SUNY Faculty Senate September 1978‑1980.

American Men and Women of Science.

Member of Campus Equal Employment Opportunity Committee at SUSB, Stony Brook, 1982‑1989, Head, 1985-1989.

Member of Executive Committee, Marine Sciences Research Center, SUNY, Stony Brook 1983‑1989 and 1994-1996.

Chairman, Scientific Review Committee, Marine Ecosystems Research Laboratory (MERL), University of Rhode Island, 1984.

Member of National Research Council Minority Graduate Fellowship Evaluation Panel in Biological Sciences, Biophysics and Biomedical Sciences  1986 and 1987.

Director of Undergraduate Studies, Marine Sciences Research   Center, 1986‑1990.

Head, URECA (Undergraduate Research and Creative Opportunities)  program at the MSRC, Stony Brook, 1986‑1990.

Member President's (SUNY‑Stony Brook) Affirmative Action Advisory Committee,

1986‑2000.

Panel member, NSF JGOFS Equatorial Pacific Panel, October, 1990

Chief Organizer, NATO Advanced Research Workshop, "Biology and ecology of Trichodesmium and other diazotrophic marine cyanobacteria." held in Bamberg, Germany May 1991

Editorial Board, MICROBIAL ECOLOGY, January, 1991 for 3 yr term.

Sabbatical leave, Botany Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden, with B. Bergman, 1990‑91.

Joint research  program on Baltic Sea phytoplankton with scientists from the Institut fur Meereskunde in Kiel, Germany in 1991 & 92, and    from  Inst. fur Ostseeforschung in Warnemunde.

ICES Workshop on harmful phytoplankton growth rate measurement, Aveiro, Portugal, July 1994

Invited participant, Swedish program on measurement of species specific growth rates of dinoflagellates, Kristineberg Marine Laboratory, Sweden, September 1994.

NSF Science representative, McMurdo Base, Antarctica, January 1996 and 1997.

Invited Guest Researcher, Institut fur Ostseeforschung, Warnemuende, Germany, summer of 1997.

Guest Investigator, Institute for Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany, summer of 1998 to study circadian clocks in cyanobacteria.

SCOPE Working Group on N₂ fixation in the World’s Oceans, December 1998, NCEAS, Santa Barbara CA

Sabbatical, February-August 1999, Botanical Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden

Short Course in Ecology of Cyanobacteria, Zanzibar, Tanzania, March 1999 sponsored by STINT (Sweden)

NOAA Synthesis & Modeling Workshop on N₂ fixation, Catalina Island, September 1999

Short Course in Cyanobacterial Symbioses, August 2000, European Science Foundation, Galway, Ireland

Advisor to Staten Island Children’s Museum of Science, Spring, 2000

Emeritus Professor, SUNY, Stony Brook, 2000

Doctor of Philosophy, honoris causa, Stockholm University, Sweden, September 2001.

Elected to Editorial Board of “Journal of Phycology” in 2004 for 3 year term

Memberships :

The Society of Sigma Xi

American Society of Limnology and Oceanography

Estuarine Research Foundation

The Phycological Society of America

American Association for the Advancement of Science

International Phycological Society

American Society of  Microbiology

Research Grants :

1) WHOI‑NSF Postdoctoral Fellow, 1970‑71  $11,500, with R.R.L. Guillard.

Northeast Utilities Service Company, Principal Investigator    "Electric Power Plant Entraimnent  and Marine Organisms,"      $171,470, 1971‑1973.

2)  Northeast Utilities Service Company, Principal Investigator   "Effects of Electric Power Plant Entrainment," $162,078,  1973‑  1975.

3)  National Science Foundation, Principal Investigator "Nitrogen   Fixation by Marine Algae," $86,051, 1973‑1975.

4)  National Science Foundation, Principal Investigator (with J.J.   McCarthy) "Nitrogen Cycling in the Euphotic Zones of the   Caribbean and Southern Sargasso Seas," $105,447, 1975‑1979.

5)  National Science Foundation, Co‑Principal Investigator with B.L.   Bentley.  "Nitrogen fixation by the epiphyllae in a tropical   rainforest."  Starting date, November 1978, $66,971.  Field   work  done in Costa Rica, duration 2 years.

6) National Science Foundation, Principal Investigator, (D. Capone   is Co‑P.I.) "Nitrogen fixation and denitrification in eelgrass   beds," starting date March 1979, $93,000; duration 2 years.

7) The Sea Grant Institute, Principal Investigator, (B.H. Brinkhuis   and W.E. Esaias are Co‑P.I.'s).  "Aspects of Nitrogen cycling in   Great South Bay," starting date April 1979, $75,000; duration 1   year.

8) The Sea Grant Institute, Principal Investigator (B.H. Brinkhuis   and D. Capone, Co‑P.I.'s).  Continuation of "Aspects of   nitrogen cycling in Great South Bay," starting April 1980,   39,000 duration 1 year.

9) Participant in NSF‑JSPS joint US‑Japanese grant to study marine   Oscillatoria, C. VanBaalen, P.I., University of Texas, starting   date April 1980, $25,000 duration 2 years.

10) NOAA, Office of Marine Pollution Assessment, Principal   Investigator.  "Recovery processes in a eutrophic estuary."    October 1980, $172,304 duration 3 years.

11) The Sea Grant Institute, Principal Investigator "Great South Bay   salt marsh nutrient exchange."  Starting date April   1981,$35,016, duration 1.5 years.  

12) National Science Foundation, Co‑Principal Investigator (with     D.G. Capone) "Nitrogen fixation and denitrification in eelgrass     beds." starting date February 1982, $121,830, duration 2 years  

13)  The Sea Grant Institute, Principal Investigator "Modeling of     nutrient‑floral relationships in Great South Bay," starting     date June 1982, $34,028, duration 2 years.

14) The Sea Grant Institute, Investigator (H.H. Carter is P.I.) "Synthesis of the results of the Great South Bay into a single  volume ," start 1982, $25,000, duration 1 year.

15) The Sea Grant Institute, Principal Investigator "Gonyaulax tamarensis in Long Island Waters," start June 1982, $8100,   duration 1 year.  The Suffolk County Department of Health is   contributing an additional $5000 in services to this research   program.

16) National Science Foundation, Principal Investigator "Serotypic differentiation of coccoid cyanobacteria by immunofluorescence.  Start November 1982, $61,000, duration 2 years. 

17) Suffolk County Legislature, Principal Investigator, "Occurrence   of toxic red tide algae in Suffolk County waters."  Start   October 1982, $54,000, duration 1 year.

18) The Sea Grant Institute, Principal Investigator, "Growth rate of   the toxic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tamarensis in a Long Island   estuary."  start January 1984 $17,958, duration 1 year.

19) National Science Foundation, Principal Investigator "Improvement   of a microscope spectrum analyzer for oceanographic research."    $37,000.  July, 1984.

20) The Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, Hawaii, Principal Investigator.  Support for two graduate students to research Spirulina production.  $14,000.  Jan 1, 1985, duration 1 year

21) The Hudson River Foundation, Principal Investigator, "Nitrogen   cycling in the lower Hudson River estuary" $69,946,  June 1, 1985, duration 1 year.

22) Suffolk County Health Department, supplement to "The occurrence of toxic red tide algae in 23) Suffolk County marine waters. $35,000, January 1, 1986, duration 1 year.

24) Suffolk County Health Department "Investigations of the Great South Bay and Peconic Bays Algal Bloom".  Co‑principal investigator with Drs. S. Sidall and W. Dennison.  $45,207.  November 1985, duration 1 year.

25) National Science Foundation "Phytoplankton cell cycle/DNA analysis".  Principal investigator $60,491, start November 15, 1985, duration 1 year.

26) National Science Foundation "Validity of C an N2 fixation rate measurements in marine Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) Principal   investigator $19,699, start November 15, 1985, duration 1 year.  The Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, Hawaii.   Support for SUNY   graduate students Visscher and Chiaraviglio   $14,000 start   January 15, 1986, 1 year.

27) Suffolk County Department of Health Services.  The occurrence of    toxic "red tide" algae in Suffolk County water.  $35,000 start    March,1986, 1 year.

28) Suffolk County Department of Health Services.  Algae Bloom of     1985:  Identification, environmental requirements of the alga,    and possible cause of bloom formation.  $42,940 start March 1986,    1 year.

29) The Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, Hawaii. Support for graduate   student Pieter Visscher. Feb. 1, 1987 $29,000, 2 years.

30) Suffolk County Department of Health Services. Toxic red tide   algae in Suffolk County marine waters. ($25,000). l year,1987

31) Living Marine Resources Institute (LIMRI) of the State of NY.   "Recurrent Blooms of Minute Phytoplankton in Long Island   Coastal Waters."  E.M. Cosper is PI, E.J. Carpenter is Co‑PI.   $35,000, start June, l987, duration 1 year.

32) NYS Sea Grant. "Uptake and Depuration of red tide paralytic    shellfish poisoning toxins. in east coast bivalve molluscs."    $171,218. PI is M. Bricelj. EJC is Assoc. Invest. with D.M.    Anderson. Start January 1, 1988.

33) NSF and NASA (co‑funding) "Marine Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium): development and use of algorithms for remote       sensing. E.J.Carpenter is PI, J. Rueter, G. Borstad and J.       Gower are Co‑PI's. $90,000 for one year. Start October 15,1988.

34) The Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, Hawaii. Support for graduate     student Miguel Oliazola. July 1, 1989. $14,000, 1 year.

35) National Science Foundation."Physiology, ecology and biochemistry     of N2 fixation by marine planktonic microorganisms"     August 1, 1987. $322,131, duration 3 years, EJC is PI.

36) NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on the biology, physiology and     ecology of marine cyanobacterial blooms, in particular by the     tropical diazotroph Trichodesmium and by Nodularia in the     Baltic Sea. Carpenter is the PI, and  the     workshop held     in Bamberg, West Germany in May 1991. NATO awarded  $34,000     for the ARW, NSF Contributed $4000 for graduate  student     travel.

37) National Science Foundation "Growth rate & biological investigations of marine     phytoplankton using DNA‑cell cycle analysis" EJC is PI. $164,912 for two years. Start February  1, 1989.

38) ONR Growth rate and chemical influence on bioluminescent dinoflagellates" $100,000 for two years. Start March 1, 1990.

39) National Science Foundation,"Upgrade of seagoing system for quantitative microscopy" $15,000

($35,000 from NSF and $17,500 match from SUNY) for one year. Start April 1, 1990.

40) National Science Foundation, Biological Oceanography, "Physiology, ecology, and  biochemistry of N2 fixation by marine planktonic     microorganisms." $337,710 for 3 yrs. Start Sept 1, 1990. EJC  was PI. Research is done in parallel with D. Capone of  Chesapeake Biological Lab.

41)  National Science Foundation, "The use of immunocytochemical techniques for phytoplankton growth rate estimation via cell cycle analysis." $399,986, 3  years, Start March 1992. $170,400. EJC was PI, J. Chang is co‑PI.

42)National Science Foundation "Physiology, ecology, and biochemistry of nitrogen fixation by marine planktonic microorganisms." Start January 1994, $225,000 for 2 years (termination October 1996). EJC was PI.

43) New England Biolabs, “Research on establishment of a marine national park in Madagascar” Start 15 May, 1996 $7,000 for one year. EJC was co-PI with Patricia Wright of Anthropology Department at SUNY Stony Brook.

44) New York Sea Grant, “Cell cycle technique for measurement of growth rates and environmental effects of the brown tide alga”. Start  1 February, 1996  $84,139 for two years. EJC was PI.

45) DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst) German exchange service fellowship to work with chronobiologist Dr. Till Roenneberg, University of Munich, during 1998-99.   Three months support granted for living expenses for EJC.

46) REU (Research Experience for Undergraduates) supplement for $5000 to NSF Trichodesmium grant for support of an undergraduate student for summer of 1998.

47) NSF “The use of immunocytochemical techniques for phytoplankton growth rate estimation via cell cycle analysis.” Start May 1, 1996. Budget of $300,000 for 4 years. EJC is PI

48) NSF “Nitrogen fixation as a source of new N in the tropical oceans.” E.J. Carpenter,  D.G. Capone, and J. Montoya, PI’s EJC awarded $380,000  for 4 years. Start 1 October 1996.

49)NSF (LEXEN initiative). “Biology and ecology of South Pole snow microbes”  EJC is PI, start October, 1997, $150,000 for 3 years. Research includes two trips to Antarctica..

50)SUNY-Stony Brook Research Foundation. Matching funds for scanning spectrofluorometer. $15,000, spring 1999.

51)NASA (NSF-JGOFS associated, but all funding from NASA) Synthesis & Modeling program “Modeling N2 and CO2 fixation by the oceanic diazotroph Trichodesmium”.  EJC is Co-PI budget $143,240 for 3 years. Start January 1, 1998.

52)NOAA “ECOHAB-Factors affecting growth of Pfiesteria piscicida”, S.E. Lin is PI, EJC is Co-PI. $525,000 over 3.5 years, start date September 1,1998. (this grant taken to U Connecticut with Dr. Lin October 1999, $25,000 remains at SUSB)

53)NSF Ocean Technology SGER Grant “Tricho-counter: development of an underway system to determine concentrations of Trichodesmium.” $50,000. EJC is co-PI with D.G. Capone and A. Subramaniam. Start spring 1999.

54) NASA “Validation of ocean color satellite data products in under-sampled marine areas”  EJC is co-PI with D.G. Capone (U. Maryland). A. Subramaniam is funded as a postdoctoral investigator at U. Maryland. Grant renewed February 1999.

55)STINT Swedish Fellowship Program. “Marine nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria” B. Bergman, Stockholm University is PI. EJC is participant and will exchange 2  US and 2 Swedish students between labs plus other joint research. Total annual award $1 million Swedish Krona (ca $135,000). Start August 1997, 4 yr grant.

56) NASA Symbios: Varied waters and Dusty Skies: Validation of ocean color satellite data products in under-sampled marine areas. PI is Ajit Subramaniam, Co-PI are D.G. Capone and E.J. Carpenter. EJC’s 3 year proposed total is $50,396. Proposed start is Dec 1, 2000.  Subcontract from University of Maryland

57) STINT (Swedish Government Grant) “Sandwich grant to support SFSU graduate student Kendra Rutherford” $45,000. EJC and Birgitta Bergman, (Stockholm University)  are co-PIs. Start February 2002.

58) NSF,  Major Research Instrumentation. R. Dugdale PI, EJC is co-PI. Acquisition of  isotope  tracer instrumentation for the Romberg Tiburon Center.  $244,709. Start August 2002.

59) CI-CORE, “Establishment of a Prototype Monitoring Station at the Rromberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies” $494,223 Start Aug 1, 2002 for 1 year. S. Bollens is PI, EJC is Co-PI.

60) NSF Biocomplexity Initiative: “Biocomplexity: Factors affecting, and impact of, diazotrophic microorganisms in the western Equatorial Atlantic Ocean.” OCE 9981618, $3,500,000 for 5 years. EJC is PI. Co-PI is D.G. Capone from USC. (EJC Budget is $795,000 for 5 years). Start January 2000

61) NSF Biocomplexity Initiative:  "Biocomplexity: Oceanic N₂ fixation and global climate." A.E. Michaels and D.G. Capone (from USC) are PIs.  OCE 9981662, Carpenter budget is total of  $200,000 for 5 years. Start January 2000.

62) NSF “FSML: An environmental monitoring system for the Romberg Tiburon Center”. $75,000 EJC is PI, co PIs Alissa Arp & Stephen Bollens, DBI 0121998, Start Oct 1, 2001, for 5 years.

63) NSF, Biological Oceanography, Collaborative Research: Biology and phylogeny of marine planktonic cyanobacterial symbioses.  OCE 0132638,  $178,334 for 3 years. EJC is PI. Start Feb 26, 2002. Collaboration is with Jon Zehr at UC Santa Cruz.

64) CALFED,  Integrated Regional Wetland Monitoring Pilot Project (IRWM). Start 1/1/03  for 3 years. $205,458. EJC is Co-PI, S. Bollens is PI.

CURRENT

NSF FSML Genetic data collection capability for the Romberg Tiburon Center, SFSU. $121,605 start 11/13/04. C.S. Cohen is PI, EJC  &  A. Arp, W.P. Cochlan & F.P Wilkerson are co-PI

CALFED  Foodweb support for the threatened Delta Smelt and other estuarine fishes in Suisun Bay and the western Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Budget with Dugdale & Wilkerson is $360,323.  3/1/06  for 2.5 yrs. Wim Kimmerer is PI, EJC Co-PI.

NSF “MRI Program Acquisition of elemental analysis equipment for the Romberg Tiburon Center”  $120,957. 9/26/06  Tomoko Komada is PI, EJC is Co PI.

NSF “En-Gen: A functional genomic analysis of how a major calcifying phytoplankter responds to ocean acidification predicted for the end of the century” EJC is PI with Co-PIs Jonathan Stillman & Tomoko Komada $1,184,748 10/1/07 for 3 yrs.

NSF “Collaborative Research: Biogeochemistry of cyanobacterial mats and hyporheic zone microbes in McMurdo Dry Valley glacial melt water streams.” $452,178. EJC is PI with Douglas Capone and Craig Cary.

PENDING

NSF “ETBC: Collaborative Research: Impact of Asian industrialization and ocean acidification on aerosol effects on North Pacific surface ocean chemistry and plankton dynamics.”  Lead PI: N. Mahowald. EJC Co-PI request is $406,602 for 3 yrs.

Publications: Note: selected publications listed prior to 1980, all publications after 1980 are listed.

1971

Carpenter, E.J. and R.R.L. Guillard.  Intraspecific  differences in nitrate half‑saturation constants for three  species of marine phytoplankton.  Ecology  52:183‑189.

1972

Carpenter, E.J., C.C. Remsen and B. Schroeder.  Comparison   of laboratory  and in situ estimates of urea decomposition   by a marine diatom.  J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.  8:259‑264.

Carpenter, E.J., C.C. Remsen and S. Watson.  Utilization of  urea by some marine phytoplankters.  Limnol. Oceanogr.   17:265‑269.

Carpenter, E.J. K.L. Smith, Jr.  Plastics on the Sargasso  Sea Surface.  Science  175:1240‑1241.

Carpenter, E.J., S.J. Anderson, G.R. Harvey, H.P. Miklas  and B.B. Peck.  Polystyrene spherules in coastal waters.   Science  178:749‑750.

Carpenter, E.J., S.J. Anderson and B.B. Peck.  Cooling       water chlorination and productivity of entrained       phytoplankton.  Marine Biology  16:37‑40.

Remsen, C.C., E.J. Carpenter and B. Schroeder.  Competition  for urea among estuarine microorganisms.  Ecology  53:921‑ 926.

Carpenter, E.J.  Nitrogen fixation by a blue‑green epiphyte on pelagic Sargassum. Science 178:1207‑1208.

Carpenter, E.J. Nitrogen fixation by  Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) thiebautii in the southwestern  Sargasso  Sea.  Deep‑Sea Res..  20:285‑288.

1973 

Fisher, N.S., L.B. Graham, E.J. Carpenter and C. Wurster. Geographic differences in phytoplankton sensitivity to  PCB's.  Nature (Lond.)  241:548‑549.

Smith, K.L., K.A. Burns and E.J. Carpenter.  Respiration of  the pelagic  Sargassum community.  Deep‑Sea Res.  20:213‑ 217.

Carpenter, E.J., B.B. Peck and S.J. Anderson.  Summary of  entrainment research at the Millstone Point nuclear power  station.  IN:  L.D. Jensen (ed.) Proc. Sec. Entrain. Int.  Screen Workshp., Johns Hopkins Univ.:31‑35.

1974 

Remsen, C.C., E.J. Carpenter, and B.W. Schroeder.  1974.    The role of urea in marine microbial ecology.  pp. 286‑304 IN Effect of the ocean environment on microbial  activities. R.Morita and R. Calwell (eds.).  Univ. Park  Press,  Baltimore, Md.

Fisher, N.S., E.J. Carpenter, C.C. Remsen and C.F.Wurster.   Effect of PCB on interspecific competition in natural and  gnotobiotic phytoplankton communities in continuous and  batch cultures.  J. Microbial Ecol.  1:36‑47.

Carpenter, E.J., B.B. Peck and S.J. Anderson.  Survival of  copepods passing through a nuclear power station on  northeastern Long Island Sound.  Mar. Biol.  24:49‑55.

Carpenter, E.J., S.J. Anderson and B.B. Peck.  Copepod and  chlorophyll a concentrations in receiving waters of a  nuclear power station and problems associated with their  measurement.  Estuarine and Coastal Mar. Sci.  2:83‑88.

Carpenter, E.J. and J.L. Cox.  Production of pelagic Sargassum and a blue‑green epiphyte in the western Sargasso  Sea.  Limnol. Oceanogr.  19:429‑436.

Goldman, J.C. and E.J. Carpenter.  A kinetic approach to  the effect of temperature on algal growth. Limnol. Oceanogr.   19:756‑766.

Gonye, E. and E.J. Carpenter.  Production of iron binding  compounds by marine microorganisms.  Limnol. Oceanogr.   19:84‑843

Guillard, R.R.L., E.J. Carpenter and B.E.F. Reiman. Skeletonema menzilii, a new diatom from the western Atlantic  Ocean.  Phycologia  13:131‑138.

Van Raalte, C.V., I. Valiela, E.J. Carpenter and J.M. Teal.  Inhibition of nitrogen fixation in salt marshes  measured by acetylene reduction.  Estuarine Coastal Mar.  Sci.  2:191‑206.

Van Raalte,C. V., W.C. Stewart, I. Valiela and E.J.  Carpenter.  A14C technique for measuring algal productivity  in salt marsh muds.  Bot. Mar.  17:186‑188.

1975

Head, W.D. and E.J. Carpenter. Codium fragile:  nitrogen fixation by an attached bacterium.  Limnol. Oceanogr.   20:815‑823.

Carpenter, E.J. and J.L. Culliney. Nitrogen fixation in  marine shipworms. Science 187:551‑552.

Carpenter, E.J. and J.J. McCarthy.  Nitrogen fixation and  uptake of combined nitrogenous nutrients by  Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) thiebautii in the western Sargasso Sea.   Limnol. Oceanogr.  20:389‑401.

1976 

Brenner, D., I. Valiela, C.D. Van Raalte and E.J.  Carpenter.  Grazing by Talorchestia longicornis on an algal  mat in a New England salt marsh.  J. Exp. Mar. biol. Ecol.   22:161‑169.

 Carpenter, E.J. and C.C. Price IV.  Marine Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium):  An explanation for aerobic nitrogen  fixation without heterocysts.  Science  191:1278‑1280.

Carpenter, E.J.  Plastics, pelagic tar and other litter. Pages 77‑89 IN:  Marine Pollution Monitoring, E.D. Goldberg  (ed.)  John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

 Wiebe, P.H., E.M. Hulbert, E.J. Carpenter, A.E. Jahn, G.P.  Knapp III, S.H. Boyd and P.B. Ortner.  Gulf Stream cold core  rings:  Large scale interaction sites for open‑ocean  planktonic communities.  Deep‑Sea Res.  23:697‑710.

1977 

Carpenter, E.J. and C.C. Price IV.  Nitrogen fixation,  distribution, and production of Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium)  in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea.   Limnol. Oceanogr.  22:60‑72.      

Carpenter, E.J., G.R. Harbison, L. Madin, N. Swanberg, D.  Biggs, E.M. Hulburt and J.J. McCarthy. Rhizosolenia mats.  Limnol. Oceanogr.  22:739‑741. 

Carpenter, E.J. and W.E. Esaias.  Anoxia on the middle‑ Atlantic continental shelf:  98‑102.  Report of a workshop,  Oct. 15‑16, 1976, Washington, D.C., sponsored by NSF/IDOE

1978 

Carpenter, E.J., C.D. Van Raalte and I. Valiela.  Nitrogen  fixation by algae in a Massachusetts salt marsh.  Limnol.  Oceanogr.  23:318‑327. 

Carpenter, E.J. and J.J. McCarthy.  Is benthic nutrient  regeneration responsible for high primary production on the  continental shelf?  Nature  274:188‑189.

Valiela, I., S.B. Volkman, J.M. Teal, D. Shafer and E.J.  Carpenter.  Nutrient and particulate fluxes in a salt marsh  ecosystem:  Tidal exchanges and inputs by precipitation an  groundwater.  Limnol. Oceanogr.  23:789‑812. 

1979 

Carpenter, E.J., W.J. Cretney, B.F. Morris and R.L.  Swanson.  Litter in the Marine Environment, Pages 1‑32 IN  Ocean Pollution Research, Development and Monitoring Needs,  E.D. Goldberg (ed.).  Report of a Workshop in Estes Park,  Colorado, July 10‑14, 1978. 

Carpenter, E.J. and A.E. Walsby.  Gas vacuole collapse in  marine Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) thiebautii (Cyanophyta)  and effect on nitrogenase activity and photosynthesis.  J.  Phycol.  15:221‑223. 

 McCarthy, J.J. and E.J. Carpenter. Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) thiebautii (Cyanophyta) in the central North  Atlantic Ocean. J. Phycology 15:75‑82.

Reuter, J.G., J.J. McCarthy and E.J. Carpenter.  The toxic effect  of copper on Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) thiebautii.   Limnol. Oceanogr.  24:558‑562. 

1980 

Capriulo, G. and E.J. Carpenter.  Grazing by 35 to 202SYMBOL 109 \f "Symbol" \s 12mm  microzooplankton in Long Island Sound.  Marine Biology  56:319‑326. 

Bentley, B.L. and E.J. Carpenter.  The effects of  desiccation and rehydration on nitrogen fixation by  epiphylls in a tropical rainforest.  Microbial Ecology   6:109‑113. 

Prestwich, G., B.L. Bentley and E.J. Carpenter.  Nitrogen fixation sources for neotropical termites:  selective  foraging and fixation.  Oecologia.  146:402‑411. 

Carpenter, E.J. and J.S. Lively.  Review of estimates of algal growth using carbon‑14 techniques.  Pages 161‑178 in    Brookhaven Symposium 31.  Primary Productivity in the Sea.   Ed. by P. Falkowski.   Plenum Press.  

Sarokin, D. and E.J. Carpenter. Cyanobacterial Spinae. Bot.  Marina. 24:389‑392. 

1982 

Capone, D.G. and E.J. Carpenter.  Nitrogen fixation in the marine environment.  Science  217:  1140‑1142. 

 Capone, D.G. and E.J. Carpenter.  Perfusion method for  assaying microbial activities in estuarine muds:  applicability to studies of N2 fixation by C2H2 reduction  Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 43:  1400‑1405.  

Glibert, P., J.C. Goldman, and E.J. Carpenter.  Seasonal  variations in the utilization of ammonium and nitrate by  phytoplankton in Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts. Marine  Biology  70:  237‑249. 

Sarokin, D.J. and E.J. Carpenter.  Ultrastructure and taxonomy of the genus Nannochloris.  (Chlorophyceae).   Botanica Marina.  25:  483‑491. 

1983 

Carpenter, E. J.  Physiology and ecology of marine Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium).  Marine Biology Letters.   4:69‑85.    

Capriulo, G.M. and E.J. Carpenter, Abundance, species composition and feeding impact of tintinnid micro‑zooplankton in   central Long Island Sound.  Marine Ecology Progress Series.        10:277‑288. 

Lively, J.S., Z. Kaufman and E.J. Carpenter.  Phytoplankton  ecology of a barrier island estuary:  Great South Bay, New York.  Estuarine and Coastal Mar. Sci.  16:51‑69. 

Campbell, L., E.J. Carpenter and V.J. Iacono. 1983.  Identification and enumeration of marine chroococcoid cyanobacteria by immunofluorescence Applied and En­vironmental Microbiology.  46:  553‑559. 

Carpenter, E.J.  1983. Estimate of global marine  nitrogen fixation by Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) IN E. J. Carpenter and  D.G. Capone.  Nitrogen in the Marine Environment.  Academic  Press, New York, 920 pp. 

McCarthy, J.J. and E.J. Carpenter. 1983. Nitrogen cycling  in near surface waters of the open ocean. IN E.J. Carpenter  and D.G. Capone.  Nitrogen in the Marine Environment.   Academic Press, New York, 920 pp. 

1984 

Kaufman, Z., J.S. Lively, and E.J. Carpenter.  Uptake of  nitrogenous nutrients by phytoplankton in a barrier island  estuary.  Great South Bay, New York.  Estuarine and Coastal  Marine Science 17:483‑493.             

Bentley, B.L. and E.J. Carpenter.  Direct transfer of newly fixed nitrogen from free‑living epiphyllous microorganisms   to their host plants.  Oecologia.  63:  52‑56.     

Schrey, S.E., E.J. Carpenter and D.M. Anderson.  The  abundance and distribution of the toxic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tamarensis in Long Island estuaries.  Estuaries. 7:472‑477. 

1985 

Carpenter, E.J. and S. Dunham.1985. Nitrogenous nutrient uptake, primary production and species composition of  phytoplankton in the Carmans River estuary, Long Island,  New York. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30: 513‑526.  

Chang, J. and E.J. Carpenter.  Blooms of the dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum in a Long Island estuary:  box model analysis of bloom maintenance.  Marine Biology ..  89:  83‑93.        

1986

Park, Y.C., E.J. Carpenter and P.G. Falkowski. Ammonium excretion and glutamate dehydrogenase activity of zooplankton in Great South Bay, New York. J. Plankton Res. 8:489‑503. 

Campbell, L. and E.J. Carpenter.  Diel patterns of cell division in marine Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria):  The use of frequency of dividing cells equation to estimate specific growth rates.   Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 32:139‑148. 

Campbell, L. and E.J. Carpenter. Estimating the grazing  pressure of heterotrophic nanoplankton on  Synechococcus spp.      using the sea water dilution and selective inhibitor  techniques.Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 33:121‑129. 

1987

Carpenter, E.J. Nutrients and Oxygen: too much of one and    too little of the other. pp. 23‑45 IN: V.R. Gibson and M.S.  Connor (eds) Long Island Sound: Issues, Resources, Status      and Management. NOAA Estuarine Programs Office. 

Campbell, L. and E.J. Carpenter. Characterization of   phycoerythrin containing  Synechococcus spp. populations: seasonal and geographic distribution patterns.Jour. Plankton Res. 9:1167‑1181.    

Scranton, M.I., P.C. Novelli, A. Michaels, S. Horrigan and E.J. Carpenter. Hydrogen production and nitrogen fixation by  Oscillatoria thiebautii during in situ incubations. Limnol.Oceanogr 32:998‑1006. 

Carpenter, E.J., M.I. Scranton, P.C. Novelli and A. Michaels. Validity of N2 fixation rate measurements in      marine Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium). J. Plankton Research. 9:1047‑1056. 

Cosper, E.M., W.C. Dennison, E.J. Carpenter, V.M. Bricelj, J.M. Mitchell, S.H. Kuenster, D. Kolflesh, M. Dewey.  Recurrent and persistent "Brown Tide" blooms perturb coastal      marine ecosystem. Estuaries. 10: 284‑290. 

Park, Y.C. and E.J. Carpenter. Ammonium regeneration and  biomass of macrozooplankton and ctenophores in Great South      Bay, NY. Estuaries 10:284‑290. 

1988

Carpenter, E.J. and J. Chang. Species specific growth  rates via diel DNA synthesis cycles. I. Concept of the  method. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 43: 105‑111  

Chang, J. and E.J. Carpenter. Species specific growth rates via diel DNA Synthesis Cycles. II. DNA Quantification and   model verification in the dinoflagellate Heterocapsa triquetra.  Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 44:287‑296. 

Carpenter, E.J. and L. Campbell. Diel patterns of cell division and growth rates of Synechocystis spp. in Long Island Sound. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 47:179‑183. 

1989

Shapiro, L., E.M. Haugen, and E.J. Carpenter. Occurrence and abundance of green‑fluorescing dinoflagellates in surface waters of the northwest Atlantic and northeast Pacific Oceans. J. Phycology 25:189‑191.    

Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and M. Cottrell.  Primary productivity and growth dynamics of the brown tide in Long  Island embayments. pp 139‑158, IN: E. Cosper, E.J.Carpenter and M. Bricelj (eds).Novel phytoplankton blooms: causes and impacts of recurrent brown tides and other unusual blooms.  Springer Verlag.       

Dzurica, S., C. Lee, E.M. Cosper and E.J. Carpenter. Role of environmental variables, specifically organic and micronutrients in the growth of the chrysophyte.  Aureococcus anophagefferens pp 229‑252, IN: E. Cosper, E.J. Carpenter,   and M. Bricelj (eds). Novel  phytoplankton blooms: causes and  impacts of recurrent brown tides and other unusual blooms.   Springer Verlag. 

Cosper, E.M., W. Dennison, A. Milligan, E.J. Carpenter, C. Lee, J. Holzapfel, and L. Milanese.     An examination of the environmental factors important to initiating and sustaining "Brown Tide" blooms. pp.317‑340. IN: E. Cosper, E.J. Carpenter, and M. Bricelj (eds). Novel phytoplankton blooms: causes and impacts of recurrent  brown tides and other unusual blooms.  Springer Verlag.   

Villareal, T.A., and E.J. Carpenter. Nitrogen‑fixation,  suspension characteristics, and chemical composition of  Rhizosolenia mats in the central North Pacific gyre. Biol.  Oceanogr 6:327‑345.

1990

Cosper, E.M., C. Lee, and E.J. Carpenter. Novel "brown tide" blooms in Long Island embayments: a search for the causes.  pp. 17‑28. IN: E. Graneli, B. Sundstrom, L. Elder and D. M.  Anderson (eds). Toxic Marine Plankton. Elsevior, New York.

Antia, A.N., E.J. Carpenter, and J. Chang. Species‑specific phytoplankton growth rates via diel DNA synthesis cycles. III. Nutrient effects on growth rate measurement in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 63: 273‑279.

Chang, J., and E,J. Carpenter. Species specific phytoplankton growth rates via diel DNA synthesis cycles. IV.  Evaluation of the magnitude of error with computer simulated   cell populations. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 65:293‑304.

Carpenter, E.J., J. Chang, M. Cottrell, D. Capone, H. Paerl, and B. Bebout. Reevaluation of nitrogenase oxygen protective mechanisms in the planktonic marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 65:151‑158.

Capone, D.G., J.M. O'Neil, J. Zehr and E.J. Carpenter. Basis for diel variation in nitrogenase activity in the marine planktonic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium thiebauti. Appl Envir. Microbiol. 56: 3532‑3536.

Villareal, T.A. and E.J. Carpenter. Diel buoyancy regulation in the planktonic marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium thiebautii  Limnol. Oceanogr. 35:1832‑1837.

1991

Carpenter, E.J., J. Chang, and L. Shapiro. Blue and green fluorescing dinoflagellates in Bahamian waters. Mar. Biol. 108:145‑149.

Hawser, S.P.,  G.A. Codd, D.G. Capone and E.J. Carpenter. A neurotoxin from the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium thiebautii . Toxicon. 29:277‑278.

Bergman, B. and E.J. Carpenter. Nitrogenase confined to randomly distributed trichomes in the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium thiebautii. J. Phycology 27:158‑165.

Carpenter, E.J. and K. Romans. Major role of the Cyanobacterium  Trichodesmium in nutrient cycling in the North Atlantic Ocean. Science 254: 1356‑1358.

Chang, J. and Carpenter, E.J. Species‑specific phytoplankton growth rates via diel DNA synthesis cycles. V. Application  to natural populations in Long Island Sound. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 78: 115‑122.

1992

Siddiqui, P.J.A., E.J. Carpenter and B. Bergman. Trichodesmium: Ultrastructure and Protein Localization. pp 9‑28 In: E.J. Carpenter, D.G. Capone and J. Rueter (Eds) "Marine      Pelagic Cyanobacteria: Trichodesmium and other Diazotrophs." Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 357 pp.   

Siddiqui, P., B. Bergman and  E.J. Carpenter. Filamentous cyanobacterial associates of the marine planktonic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Phycologia: 31:326‑337.

Borstad, G.A., J.F.R. Gower and E.J. Carpenter, Development of algorithms for remote sensing of marine Trichodesmium .  pp. 193‑210. In: E.J. Carpenter, D.G. Capone and J. Rueter  (Eds.) "Marine Pelagic Cyanobacteria: Trichodesmium and other Diazotrophs. "Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 357pp.

Carpenter, E.J. and D.G. Capone. Significance of  Trichodesmium blooms in the marine nitrogen cycle. pp. 211‑217. IN: Carpenter, E.J., D.G. Capone and J. Rueter (Eds.) "Marine Pelagic Cyanobacteria:  Trichodesmium and other Diazotrophs."Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 357pp.

Carpenter, E.J. Nitrogen fixation in the epiphyllae and root nodules of trees in the lowland tropical rainforest of Costa Rica. Acta OEcologica. 13:153‑160.

Siddiqui, P., B. Bergman, P‑O. Bjorkman, and E.J. Carpenter. Ultrastructural and chemical assessment of poly‑B‑hydroxybutyric acid in the marine cyanobacterium  Trichodesmium  thiebautii.  FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 94:143‑148.

Carpenter, E.J., D.G. Capone, P. Siddiqui, E. Soderbeck and B. Bergman. Glutamine synthetase activity and localization  in colonies of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Appl. Envir. Microbiol., 58:3122‑3129.

Siddiqui, P.J.A., B. Bergman and E.J. Carpenter. Immunolocalization of phycobiliproteins and ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in the marine cyanobacterium  Trichodesmium thiebautii. J. Phycology, 28:320‑327.

1993

Carpenter, E.J., P.J.A. Siddiqui,  B. Bergman, J. O'Neil and D.G. Capone. The tropical diazotrophic phytoplankter Trichodesmium: biological characteristics of two species. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.. 95:295‑304.

Roenneberg, T. and E.J. Carpenter. Daily rhythm of O2 evolution in the cyanobacterium  Trichodesmium thiebautii under natural and constant conditions. Marine Biology      117:693‑697.

Bergman, B., P.J.A. Siddiqui, E.J. Carpenter and G. Peschek. Cytochrome oxydase: subcellular distribution and relation to nitrogenase derepression in the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium thiebautii. Appl. Envir. Microbiol.. 59:3239‑3244.

Ben‑Porath, J., E.J. Carpenter, and J. Zehr. Genotypic relationships in the genus Trichodesmium based on nifH  sequence comparisons. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 29:806‑810

1994

Villareal, T.A., and E.J. Carpenter. Chemical composition  and photosynthetic characteristics of Ethmodiscus rex (Bacillariophyceae): Evidence for vertical migration. J. Phycology  30:1‑8.

Chang, J. and E.J. Carpenter. Inclusion bodies in several species of  Ceratium Schrank (Dinophyceae) from the Caribbean   Sea examined with DNA‑specific staining. J. Plankton Res.16:197‑203.

Subramanian, A. and E.J. Carpenter. An empirically derived protocol for the detection of blooms of the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium using CZCS imagery. Int. J. Remote Sensing. 15:1559‑1569.

Lin, Senjie, Jeng Chang, and E.J. Carpenter. Detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen homolog in four species  of marine phytoplankton. J. Phycol. 30:449‑456.

Chang, J. and E.J. Carpenter. Active growth of an oceanic dinoflagellate,  Ceratium teres (DINOPHYCEAE), in the Caribbean and Sargasso Seas estimated by cell cycle analysis. J. Phycol. 30:449‑456.   

Janson, S., E.J. Carpenter and B. Bergman. Fine structure and localization of photosynthetic proteins in  Aphanizomenon from the Baltic Sea. European J. Phycology 29:203‑211.

Janson, S., E.J. Carpenter and B. Bergman. Compartmentalization of nitrogenase in a non‑heterocystous  cyanobacterium: Trichodesmium contortum. FEMS Microbiology      Letters 118:9‑14.

Romans, K.M., E.J. Carpenter and B. Bergman. Buoyancy  regulation in the colonial diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium tenuae: ultrastructure and storage of   carbohydrate phosphate and nitrogen. J. Phycology. 30:935‑942.

Bergman, B., E.J. Carpenter, S. Janson, G. Sroga, and C.  Fredriksson. Nitrogenase in the marine non‑heterocystous  cyanobacterium  Trichodesmium a review. pp 85‑92 IN: Hegazi, N.A.,  M. Fayes, and M. Monib (eds.) Proc. Sixth Intl. Symp. on Nitrogen Fixation in Non‑legumes. The American University in  Cairo Press, Cairo.

Capone, D.G., M. D. Farrier and E.J. Carpenter. Amino acid cycling in colonies of the planktonic marine cyanobacterium  Trichodesmium thiebautii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:3989-3995

1995

Carpenter, E.J.,S. Janson, R. Boje, F. Pollehne and J. Chang. Dinophysis norvegica: role of a dinoflagellate in primary production in the Baltic Sea. European J. Phycol. 30: 1-9.

Carpenter, E.J., and T. Roenneberg. The marine planktonic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. photosynthetic rate measurements in the SW Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.118:267-273.

Janson, S., E.J. Carpenter and B. Bergman.  Immunolabelling of phycoerythrin, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and nitrogenase in the unicellular cyanobionts of Ornithocercus spp. (Dinophyceae). Phycologica 34:171-176.

Lin, S., J. Chang and E.J. Carpenter. Growth characteristics  of phytoplankton determined by cell cycle proteins. I. PCNA immunostaining on Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyceae). J. Phycology. 31:388-395.

Janson, S., P.J.A. Siddiqui, A.E. Walsby, K.M. Romans, E. J. Carpenter and B. Bergman. Cytomorphological characterization of Trichodesmium species (Cyanophyta) from the Caribbean Sea, Sargasso Sea, and the Indian Ocean. J. Phycol.  31:463-477.

 Bothwell, M.L., D. Karentz, and E.J. Carpenter. No UVB effect? Nature 374:601 (letter to editor).

Lin, S. and E.J. Carpenter. Growth characteristics of marine phytoplankton determined by cell cycle proteins: the cell  cycle of a giant diatom Ethmodiscus rex (Bacillariophyceae) in the SW North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea.  J. Phycol. 31: 778-785.

1996

Carpenter, E.J. and W.W. Carmichael. Taxonomy of harmful marine cyanobacteria. IN: G.M. Hallegraeff, D. Anderson, A. Cembella (eds.) UNESCO‑IOC Manual on Harmful Marine      Phytoplankton. pp. 375-382.

Lin, S. and E. J. Carpenter. An empirical protocol of immunofluorescence for marine phytoplankton. J. Phycology 32:1083-1094.

Lin, S., E.J. Carpenter and J. Chang. Detection of p34cdc2 and cyclin B like proteins in Dunaliella tertiolecta.  Marine Biology, 125:603-610.

1997

Carpenter, E.J., D.G. Capone, B. Fry and H. R. Harvey. Biogeochemical tracers of the marine cyanobacterium  Trichodesmium. Deep‑Sea Research 44, 27-38.

Lin, S. and E.J. Carpenter.  RUBISCO of Dunaliella tertiolecta is redistributed between the pyrenoid and the stroma as a light-shade response. Marine Biology 127:521-529.

Lin, S. and E.J. Carpenter. Pyrenoid localization in relation to the cell cycle and growth phase of Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyceae). Phycologica 36:24-31.

Capone, D.G., J.P. Zehr, H.W. Paerl, B. Bergman, and E.J. Carpenter. Trichodesmium: A  globally significant marine cyanobacterium.  Science.  276:1221-1229.

Lin, S, J. Chang and E.J. Carpenter. Can a non-terminal event of the cell cycle be used for  estimating species-specific growth rates of phytoplankton? Marine Ecology Progress Series. 151:283-290.

1998

Carpenter, E.J., J Chang, and S. Lin.  Phytoplankton growth studies by cell cycle analysis. pp 227-245. IN: K.E. Cooksey (ed.)  “Some molecular approaches to the study of the ocean”. Chapman & Hall.

Lin, S., S. Henze, P. Lundgren, B. Bergman and E.J. Carpenter. Whole cell immunolocalization of nitrogenase in the marine diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Appl. Envir. Microbiology 64:3052-3058.

Capone, D.G., Ajit Subramaniam, J.P. Montoya, M. Voss, C. Humborg, A.M. Johansen, R.L. Siefert and E.J. Carpenter. An extensive bloom of the N₂-fixing cyanobacteriun Trichodesmium erythraeum in the central Arabian Sea.  Marine Ecology Progress Series. 172:281-292.

Lin, S. and E.J. Carpenter. Identification and preliminary characterization of PCNA gene in the marine phytoplankton Dunaliella tertiolecta and Isochrysis galbana. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology 7:62-71.

1999

Subramaniam, A., E.J. Carpenter, D. Karentz and P.G. Falkowski. Optical properties of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium; I. Absorption and spectral photosynthetic characteristics. Limnology and Oceanography 44:608-617.

Subramaniam, A., E.J. Carpenter, and P.G. Falkowski. Optical properties of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium; II A reflectance model for remote sensing. Limnology and Oceanography 44:618-627.

Carpenter, E.J., J. Montoya, J. Burns, M. Mulholland, A. Subramaniam and D.G. Capone. Extensive bloom of  N₂ fixing symbiotic association in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Marine Ecology  Progress Series. 185:273-283.

Janson, S., E.J. Carpenter, B. Bergman, S.J. Giovannoni, and K. Vergin. Genetic analysis of natural populations of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 30:57-65.

Lin, S., and E.J. Carpenter. A PSTTLRE-form of cdc2-like gene in the marine microalga Dunaliella tertiolecta. Gene 239:39-48.

Janson, S., J. Wouters, B. Bergman and E.J. Carpenter. Genetic diversity of extra- and intracellular diatom symbionts belonging to the filamentous heterocystous cyanobacterial genus Richelia. Environmental Microbiology  1:431-438.

Capone, D.G., and E.J. Carpenter. Nitrogen fixation by marine cyanobacteria: historical and global perspectives, pp 235-256. L. Charpy & A.W.D. Larkum (eds.)  Proceedings of Symposium on Marine Cyanobacteria, Paris, France, November 1997, Bull Inst. Oceanogr. Monaco # 19.

Lin, S., and E.J. Carpenter. Molecular Ecology of Marine Phytoplankton: A  practical procedure. IN: Xu, H. & Colwell, R.R. (eds) Proceedings of the International Symposium of Progress and Prospects of Marine Biotechnology 1998. Ocean Press, China 255-268.

2000

Dupuoy, C., J. Neveux, A. Subramaniam, M.R. Mulholland, J.P. Montoya, L. Campbell, D.G. Capone & E.J. Carpenter.  SeaWiFS captures a persistent bloom in the southwest tropical Pacific Ocean: a link to Trichodesmium.  EOS 81:14-16.

Zehr, J., E.J. Carpenter, and T. Villareal.  New perspectives on nitrogen fixation in the open ocean: evidence for new sources of fixed nitrogen in the marine environment. Trends in Microbiology 8:68-73.

Carpenter, E.J. and S. Janson. Intracellular symbionts in the marine diatom Climacodium frauenfeldianum Grunow. J. Phycology 36:540-544.

Carpenter, E.J., S. Lin, and D.G. Capone. 2000. Bacterial activity in South Pole snow. Applied & Environmental Microbiology. 66:4514-4517.

Lin, S., E. Magaletti, and E.J. Carpenter. Molecular cloning and antiserum development of cyclin box in the brown tide alga Aureococcus anophagefferens. Molecular Biotechnology 2, 577-586.

2001

Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S.A., A. Kustka, D.G. Capone, D. Hutchins, C. Gobler, M. Yang, & E.J. Carpenter.  Phosphorus limitation of  N₂ fixation in the central Atlantic Ocean.  Nature, 411:66-69.

Carpenter, E.J., and S. Janson. Anabaena  gerdii  (sp. nov.), a new heterocystous, filamentous cyanobacterium from the South Pacific Ocean and Arabian Sea. Phycologia.  40:105-110.

Lin, S., C.J. Gobler, and E.J. Carpenter. Cytological and biochemical responses of Dunaliella tertiolecta (Volvocales, Chlorophyta) to iron stress. Phycologia. 40:403-410.

Lundgren, P., E. Soderbak,  B. Bergman, and E.J. Carpenter. Katagnymene.: characterization of a novel marine diazotroph. J. Phycology 37:1001-1009.

Subramaniam, A., C.W. Brown, R.R. Hood, E.J. Carpenter and D.G. Capone. Detecting Trichodesmium blooms in SeaWiFS imagery.  Deep-Sea Res. II 49:107-121.

2002

Hood, R. A. Subramaniam, L. May, E.J. Carpenter and D.G. Capone. Remote estimation of nitrogen fixation by Trichodesmium. Deep-Sea Res. II 49/1-3:123-147.

Mulholland, M., S. Floge, E.J. Carpenter and D.G. Capone. Phosphorus dynamics in cultures and natural populations of Trichodesmium spp. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 239:45-55.

Karl, D.,  A. Michaels, B. Bergman, D. Capone, E.J. Carpenter, R. Letelier, F. Lipschultz, H. Paerl, D. Sigman, & L. Stal. Nitrogen Fixation in the world’s oceans.  Biogeochemistry. 57/58:47-98

Carpenter, E.J. and R. Foster. Marine Cyanobacterial Symbioses. IN: A.N. Rai, B. Bergman and U. Rasmussen`(eds). Pp. 11-17, IN: Cyanobacteria in Symbiosis. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 

Carpenter, E.J. Marine Cyanobacterial Symbioses. Biology and Environment, Proceedings of the Irish Royal Academy.  102B: 15-18.

Kustka, A., E.J. Carpenter & S. Sanudo-Wilhelmy. Iron and marine nitrogen fixation: progress and future directions. Research in Microbiology, 153:255-262.

Falcón, L. A. Chistocerdov, F. Cipriano & E.J. Carpenter. Nitrogen fixation by picoplanktonic cyanobacteria in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. Applied & Environmental Microbiology. 68:5760-5764.

Montoya, J. E.J. Carpenter and D.G. Capone. Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen isotope abundance in zooplankton of the oligotrophic North Atlantic Ocean. Limnology and Oceanography 47:1617-1628.

2003

Villareal, T. and E.J. Carpenter. Buoyancy regulation and  potential for vertical migration in the oceanic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Microbial Ecology. 45:1-10.

Kustka, A., S.A. Sanudo-Wilhelmy, D.G. Capone, J.A. Raven, E.J. Carpenter. A revised estimate of the  iron use efficiency of nitrogen fixation, with special reference to the marine N₂ fixing cyanobacterium, Trichodesmium spp.  J. Phycology 39:12-25.

Lin, S., T.A. Feinstein, Huan Zhang, and E.J. Carpenter. Development of an immunofluorescence technique for detecting Pfiesteria piscicida. Harmful Algae 2:223-231.

Kustka, A., S. Sañudo-Wilhelmy, E.J. Carpenter, D.G. Capone, J. Burns & W.G. Sunda.  Iron requirements for dinitrogen and ammonium supported growth in cultures of Trichodesmium (IMS 101): comparison with nitrogen fixation rates and iron:carbon ratios of field populations. Limnol. Oceanogr. 48:1869-1884

Cronberg, G., E.J. Carpenter, and W.W. Carmichael. Taxonomy of harmful cyanobacteria. pp. 523-562, IN: G.M. Hallegraeff, D.M. Anderson, and A.D. Cembella (eds) Manual on Harmful Microalgae UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission.

2004

Carpenter, E.J., A. Subramaniam & D.G. Capone. Biomass and primary productivity of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. in the tropical N Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea-Res. I 51:173-203.

Falcón, L., E.J. Carpenter,  F. Cipriano, B. Bergman & D.G. Capone. N2 fixation by unicellular  Bacterioplankton from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans: Phylogeny and in situ rates.  Appl. Envir. Microbiol 70:765-770.

Hewson, I., S.R. Govil, D.G. Capone, E.J. Carpenter, & J.A. Fuhrman. Evidence of Trichodesmium viral lysis and potential significance for biogeochemical cycling in the oligotrophic ocean.  Aquatic Microbial Ecology. 36:1-8 

 Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S., A. Tovar-Sanchez, F. Fu, D.G. Capone, E.J. Carpenter, & D.A. Hutchins. The impact of surface adsorbed phosphorus on phytoplankton Redfield stoichiometry. Nature 432: 897-901.

Lin, S., M.R. Mulholland, H. Zang, T.N. Feinstein, F.J. Jochem & E.J. Carpenter. Intense grazing and prey-dependent growth of Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae).  J. Phycology 40:1062-1073.

Falcón, L., S. Lindvall, K. Bauer, B. Bergman & E.J. Carpenter. Ultrastructure of unicellular N₂ fixing cyanobacteria from the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and subtropical North Pacific Oceans. J. Phycol. 40:1074-1078.

2005

Capone, D.G., J.A. Burns, C. Mahaffey, A.F. Michaels, J.P. Montoya, A. Subramaniam & E.J. Carpenter. Nitrogen fixation by Trichodesmium spp.: An important source of new nitrogen to the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 19, p 1029.

Falcón, L., S. Pluvinage & E.J. Carpenter. Growth kinetics of marine unicellular  N₂ fixing cyanobacterial isolates in continuous culture in relation to phosphorus and temperature. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 285: 3-9.

Campbell, L. E.J. Carpenter, J.P. Montoya, A.B. Kustka, & D.G. Capone. 2005. Picoplankton community structure within and outside a Trichodesmium bloom in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Vie et Milieu. 55:185-195.

2006

Shipe, R.F., J. Curatz, A. Subramaniam, E.J. Carpenter, & D.G. Capone.  Diatom biomass and productivity in oceanic and plume-influenced waters of the western tropical Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. I.

Foster, R.A., E.J. Carpenter & B. Bergman. Unicellular cyanobionts in open ocean dinoflagellates, radiolarians and tintinnids: ultrastructural characterization and immuno-localization of nitrogenase and phycoerythrin. J. Phycol. 42:453-463

Foster, R.A., J.L. Collier & E.J. Carpenter. Reverse transcription-PCR amplification of cyanobacterial symbiont 16S rRNA sequences from single non-photosynthetic eukaryotic marine planktonic host cells. J. Phycol. 42:243-250. 

2007

Foster, R.A., D.G. Capone, E.J. Carpenter, C. Mahaffey, A. Subramaniam, & J.P. Zehr. Influence of the Amazon River plume on free-living and symbiotic cyanobacteria in the Western Tropical North Atlantic Ocean.  Limnol. & Oceanogr 52:517-532.

Eberl, R. & E.J. Carpenter.  Macrosetella gracilis (Harpacticoida) uses the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. as a floating substrate but not as a major food source. Marine Ecology Progress Series 333:205-212.

Shipe, R. F., E.J. Carpenter S. Govil, and D.G. Capone. Limitation of phytoplankton production by Si and N in the western Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 338:33-45

Eberl, R., S. Cohen, F. Cipriano & E.J. Carpenter. Genetic diversity of the pelagic copepod Macrosetella gracilis on colonies of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium  Aquatic Biology 1, 1: 33-43.

In Press:

Carpenter, E.J. & D.G. Capone.  Nitrogen fixation in the marine environment. IN: Nitrogen in the Marine Environment. Edited by: M. Mulholland, D. Bronk, D. Capone & E.J. Carpenter. Elsevier Press.

Pending:

Subramaniam, A., E.J. Carpenter, S. Cooley, R. Del Veccio, C. Mahaffey, S. Sañudo-Wilhelmey, R. Shipe, A. Tovar-Sanchez, P.L. Yaeger, & D.G. Capone. Amazon River amplifies C and N cycles in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.

Lin, S., H. Zhang, G. Sandh, J. Cheng, Keri Perkins, E.J. Carpenter & B. Bergman. Two highly diverging flavodoxin genes and their transcription under iron stress conditions in Trichodesmium (Oscillatoriales, Cyanophyta). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. & Ecol.

Falcon, L.I., B. Diaz, B. B. Bergman, & E.J. Carpenter. Preliminary approach to bacterial assemblage analysis inside and outside the Amazon River plume. Microb. Ecol.

Cohen, R., K. Walker, & E.J. Carpenter. Polysaccharide addition effects on rhizosphere nitrogen fixation rates and growth of  the California Cordgrass Spartina foliosa. Wetlands

Douglas G. Capone, Joe P. Montoya, Ajit Subramaniam, Jay A. Burns, Adam Kustka, Margie R. Mulholland, Miles Furnas, and Edward J. Carpenter.  Nitrogen Fixation in Coastal Waters of Northern Australia

Cohen, R., F.P. Wilkerson, & E.J. Carpenter. Primary production and nutrient availability in wetlands of the northern San Francisco Estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.